Appendix 2: What drivers influence an individual’s decision to challenge a fine?

Appendix 2: What drivers influence an individual’s decision to challenge a fine?

Appendix 2: What drivers influence an individual’s decision to challenge a fine?
Appendix 2: What drivers influence an individual’s decision to challenge a fine? – Text version

This figure outlines four drivers that influence an individual’s decision to challenge a fine. The figure has an outline of a person at the top, followed by four headings in orange text with a plus sign (+) between each heading and a light orange box outlining more detail under each heading.

The first heading is “Perception of offence” with the following text:

How individuals perceive the act they committed / were fined for:

  • Actual harm to victims
  • Other moral beliefs about the act they committed;
  • Actual benefits to themselves
  • How frequently they committed the offence;
  • How the offence was detected (via police officer, traffic camera, etc.).

The second heading is “Perception of punishment” with the following text:

How individuals perceive the punishment (fine) they received:

  • Awareness: How aware they were about the punishment (or whether it was a surprise);
  • Fairness: Perceived fairness of punishment (whether they believe they deserved to be punished);
  • Severity: How individuals assessed the size/severity of punishment (similar to fairness);
  • Cost-benefit: Potential benefit of challenging vs. actual costs;
  • How easy it is to challenge.

The third heading is: “Environmental factors” with the following text:

How social and environmental factors influence their response:

  • Perceived risk of social condemnation/judgement (stigma) from others if they learned about the fine;
  • Group identity and social influences: How others they know would generally respond to a fine.

The last heading is “Individual factors” which has the following text:

How personal characteristics and experiences influence their response:

  • Socio-economic factors: Including ability to pay fine
  • Previous experiences: History of challenging fines (and outcome);
  • Personality traits such as optimism;
  • Personal values: How important it is to challenge (advocacy) or pay fine (adherence to the law); Demographics:
  • Variables like age, gender, and education level.